{"id":3155,"date":"2024-06-16T03:20:00","date_gmt":"2024-06-16T03:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/?p=3155"},"modified":"2026-08-05T02:18:05","modified_gmt":"2026-08-05T02:18:05","slug":"theraphosidae-de-chile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/theraphosidae-de-chile\/","title":{"rendered":"Theraphosidae de Chile"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Phylum&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/arthropoda-de-chile\/\">Arthropoda<\/a>&nbsp;<\/strong>| Clase&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/arachnida-de-chile\/\">Arachnida<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;| Orden&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/araneae-de-chile\/\">Araneae<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Investigador(es) a cargo:&nbsp;<\/strong>Tom\u00e1s Rom\u00e1n de la Fuente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Citar como:&nbsp;<\/strong>Rom\u00e1n-de la Fuente, T.&nbsp;<em>Theraphosidae de Chile<\/em>. ChileFauna. Recuperado el [inserte fecha de consulta] de [URL].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/tarantula.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6242\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/tarantula.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/tarantula-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/tarantula-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Phrixotrichus <\/em>sp. | Foto: Tom\u00e1s Olivares Monares<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong>Theraphosidae<\/strong><\/strong>&nbsp;Thorell, 1869<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La familia <strong>Theraphosidae<\/strong> agrupa a los ar\u00e1cnidos conocidos com\u00fanmente como <strong>tar\u00e1ntulas<\/strong> o <strong>ara\u00f1as pollito<\/strong>, pertenecientes al suborden Mygalomorphae. Son ar\u00e1cnidos de gran tama\u00f1o, caracterizados por un cuerpo cubierto por una densa pilosidad y un par de quel\u00edceros potentes articulados paralelamente al eje del cuerpo. A diferencia de las ara\u00f1as verdaderas, poseen un metabolismo lento, una longevidad notable (donde algunas hembras pueden superar los 20 o 30 a\u00f1os de vida) y mantienen la capacidad de mudar su exoesqueleto incluso en su fase adulta. Habitan principalmente en regiones tropicales, subtropicales y templadas de todo el mundo, ocupando desde ecosistemas des\u00e9rticos hasta selvas densas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ecol\u00f3gicamente, son depredadores solitarios y nocturnos que cumplen un rol clave en el control de poblaciones de peque\u00f1os invertebrados y, ocasionalmente, peque\u00f1os vertebrados como reptiles o roedores. Construyen refugios y madrigueras bajo rocas, troncos o t\u00faneles subterr\u00e1neos tapizados de seda. Para defenderse de los depredadores, la mayor\u00eda de las especies del Nuevo Mundo cuentan con setas urticantes en el abdomen que pueden proyectar al aire, mientras que las especies del Viejo Mundo suelen recurrir a un veneno con mayor impacto doloroso. Pese a su imponente aspecto y el temor infundado que suelen causar en el ser humano, la gran mayor\u00eda de las especies de esta familia son inofensivas para las personas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong>Theraphosidae<\/strong>&nbsp;de Chile<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En Chile, las tar\u00e1ntulas son conocidas popularmente como \u00abara\u00f1as pollito\u00bb y constituyen un grupo caracterizado por un elevado nivel de endemismo. Las especies registradas en el pa\u00eds pertenecen a los g\u00e9neros <em>Euathlus<\/em>, <em>Grammostola<\/em>, <em>Phrixotrichus<\/em>, <em>Homoeomma <\/em>y <em>Catumiri<\/em>, destacando la ic\u00f3nica <em>Grammostola rosea<\/em> (la ara\u00f1a pollito propiamente tal). Se distribuyen desde las zonas \u00e1ridas del norte hasta bosques templados del centro-sur, habitando matorrales, zonas rocosas y lechos forestales. Pese a ser animales tranquilos, inofensivos para el ser humano y fundamentales para la cadena tr\u00f3fica local, enfrentan serias amenazas debido a la destrucci\u00f3n de su h\u00e1bitat, el cambio clim\u00e1tico y el comercio ilegal de fauna silvestre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>N\u00famero de taxones en Chile:\u00a0<\/strong>23 (21 especies v\u00e1lidas, 2 <em>nomina dubia<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Aphonopelma aberrans<\/em> (Chamberlin, 1917) | <strong><em>nomen dubium<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Avicularia splendens<\/em> (Nicolet, 1849) | <em><strong>nomen dubium<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Catumiri almonacide <\/em>Montenegro Vargas &amp; Aguilera, 2025<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Euathlus affinis<\/em> (Nicolet, 1849)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Euathlus antai<\/em> Peraf\u00e1n &amp; P\u00e9rez-Miles, 2014<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Euathlus atacama <\/em>Peraf\u00e1n &amp; P\u00e9rez-Miles, 2014<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Euathlus condorito<\/em> Peraf\u00e1n &amp; P\u00e9rez-Miles, 2014<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Euathlus manicatus<\/em> (Simon, 1892)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Euathlus parvulus<\/em> (Pocock, 1903)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Euathlus sinapophysis <\/em>Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Euathlus truculentus<\/em> L. Koch, 1875<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Euathlus walteri<\/em> Taucare-R\u00edos, Plaza &amp; P\u00e9rez-Miles, 2024<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Grammostola rosea<\/em> (Walckenaer, 1837)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Homoeomma chilense<\/em> Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2018 | (=<em>Homoeomma bicolor<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Homoeomma espinozai <\/em>Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2024<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Homoeomma minimum <\/em>Montengro &amp; Aguilera, 2024<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Homoeomma orellanai<\/em> Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2018<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Homoeomma poqui <\/em>Montengro &amp; Aguilera, 2024<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Homoeomma toriyamai <\/em>Montenegro &amp; Aguilera, 2024<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Homoeomma vicenterojasi <\/em>Montenegro, Rojas-Abarca &amp; Aguilera, 2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Phrixotrichus jara <\/em>Peraf\u00e1n &amp; P\u00e9rez-Miles, 2014<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Phrixotrichus scrofa<\/em> (Molina, 1782) | (= <em>Phrixotrichus chilensis<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Phrixotrichus vulpinus<\/em> (Karsch, 1880)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Referencias<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Aguilera, M.A. &amp; Casanueva, M.E. (2005).&nbsp;<\/strong>Ara\u00f1as chilenas: estado actual del conocimiento y clave para las familias de Araneomorphae.&nbsp;<em>Gayana<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>69<\/em>(2): 201-224.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Aguilera, M.A., Montenegro, R. &amp; Casanueva, M.E. (2022). <\/strong>Revised taxonomic placement and distribution update of <em>Grammostola<\/em> Simon, 1892, <em>Phrixotrichus<\/em>, Simon 1889, and <em>Thrixopelma<\/em>, Schmidt, 1994, species, a chaotic history of Chilean Tarantulas (Araneae, Theraphosidae). <em>Revista Ib\u00e9rica de Aracnolog\u00eda<\/em>, <em>40<\/em>: 63-71.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gabriel, R. (2013).<\/strong> Revised taxonomic placement of the South American species of <em>Aphonopelma<\/em> Pocock, 1901 (Araneae: Theraphosidae). <em>Arachnology<\/em>, <em>16<\/em>(2): 33-37.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Montenegro<\/strong> <strong>Vargas<\/strong>, <strong>R. &amp; Aguilera, M.A. (2026) <\/strong>Una especie nueva de <em>Euathlus <\/em>(Araneae: Theraphosidae) del norte de Chile, con novedades morfol\u00f3gicas para el g\u00e9nero. <em>Revista Ib\u00e9rica de Aracnolog\u00eda<\/em>, <em>47<\/em>: 3-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Montenegro Vargas, R. &amp; Aguilera, M.A.<\/strong> <strong>(2025) <\/strong>On the genus <em>Catumiri <\/em>Guadanucci, 2004 (Araneae: Theraphosidae) in Chile, with description of a new species. <em>Revista Ib\u00e9rica de Aracnolog\u00eda<\/em>, <em>47<\/em>: 82-86.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Montenegro Vargas , R. &amp; Aguilera , M. A. (2024)<\/strong> Revisi\u00f3n taxon\u00f3mica del g\u00e9nero <em>Homoeomma <\/em>Ausserer, 1871 (Araneae; Theraphosidae) en Chile, con descripci\u00f3n de cuatro nuevas especies. <em>Revista Ib\u00e9rica de Aracnolog\u00eda<\/em>, <em>44<\/em>: 85-96.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Montenegro Vargas, R., Rojas-Abarca, E. &amp; Aguilera, M.A. (2026) <\/strong>Una especie nueva de <em>Homoeomma <\/em>Ausserer, 1871 (Araneae: Theraphosidae) de la Regi\u00f3n de Valpara\u00edso, Chile. <em>Revista Ib\u00e9rica de Aracnolog\u00eda<\/em>, <em>48<\/em>: 61\u201366.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sherwood, D., Gabriel, R. &amp; Longhorn, S. J. (2019).<\/strong> A new synonymy in the genus <em>Homoeomma<\/em> Ausserer, 1871 (Araneae,Theraphosidae), with comments on potential homonymy. <em>Bionomina<\/em>, <em>15<\/em>: 69-73<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Taucare-R\u00edos, A. &amp; Sielfeld Kowald, W. (2021).&nbsp;<\/strong>Sinopsis de las ara\u00f1as (Arachnida: Araneae) de Chile: diversidad y distribuci\u00f3n.&nbsp;<em>En&nbsp;<\/em>A. Taucare-R\u00edos &amp; M. Canals L. (Eds.), Ar\u00e1cnidos comunes de Chile (pp. 115-128).&nbsp;<em>Revista Parasitolog\u00eda Latinoamericana<\/em>&nbsp;<em>(Edici\u00f3n Especial)<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>70<\/em>(2): 1-269.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Taucare-R\u00edos, A., Plaza, S.O. &amp; P\u00e9rez-Miles, F. (2024) <\/strong>A new species of tarantula of the genus <em>Euathlus<\/em> (Araneae: Theraphosidae) from Chile: distribution and possible threats to its conservation. <em>Gayana<\/em>, <em>88<\/em>(2): 297-309.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>World Spider Catalog (2024).<\/strong>&nbsp;World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern. Disponible en:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wsc.nmbe.ch\/\">https:\/\/wsc.nmbe.ch\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Phylum&nbsp;Arthropoda&nbsp;| Clase&nbsp;Arachnida&nbsp;| Orden&nbsp;Araneae Investigador(es) a cargo:&nbsp;Tom\u00e1s Rom\u00e1n de la Fuente. Citar como:&nbsp;Rom\u00e1n-de la Fuente, T.&nbsp;Theraphosidae de Chile. ChileFauna. Recuperado el [inserte fecha de consulta] de [URL]. \u2014 Theraphosidae&nbsp;Thorell, 1869 La familia Theraphosidae agrupa a los ar\u00e1cnidos conocidos com\u00fanmente como tar\u00e1ntulas o ara\u00f1as pollito, pertenecientes al suborden Mygalomorphae. Son ar\u00e1cnidos de gran tama\u00f1o, caracterizados por un &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/theraphosidae-de-chile\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Theraphosidae de Chile<\/span> Leer m\u00e1s \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3155","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-especies"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Theraphosidae de Chile - ChileFauna<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/theraphosidae-de-chile\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Theraphosidae de Chile - ChileFauna\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Phylum&nbsp;Arthropoda&nbsp;| Clase&nbsp;Arachnida&nbsp;| Orden&nbsp;Araneae Investigador(es) a cargo:&nbsp;Tom\u00e1s Rom\u00e1n de la Fuente. Citar como:&nbsp;Rom\u00e1n-de la Fuente, T.&nbsp;Theraphosidae de Chile. ChileFauna. Recuperado el [inserte fecha de consulta] de [URL]. \u2014 Theraphosidae&nbsp;Thorell, 1869 La familia Theraphosidae agrupa a los ar\u00e1cnidos conocidos com\u00fanmente como tar\u00e1ntulas o ara\u00f1as pollito, pertenecientes al suborden Mygalomorphae. 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Citar como:&nbsp;Rom\u00e1n-de la Fuente, T.&nbsp;Theraphosidae de Chile. ChileFauna. Recuperado el [inserte fecha de consulta] de [URL]. \u2014 Theraphosidae&nbsp;Thorell, 1869 La familia Theraphosidae agrupa a los ar\u00e1cnidos conocidos com\u00fanmente como tar\u00e1ntulas o ara\u00f1as pollito, pertenecientes al suborden Mygalomorphae. 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