{"id":6130,"date":"2026-07-18T15:13:44","date_gmt":"2026-07-18T15:13:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/?p=6130"},"modified":"2026-07-18T15:13:45","modified_gmt":"2026-07-18T15:13:45","slug":"sphyrnidae-de-chile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/sphyrnidae-de-chile\/","title":{"rendered":"Sphyrnidae de Chile"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Phylum&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/chordata-de-chile\/\">Chordata<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;| Clase&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/chondrichthyes-de-chile\/\">Chondrichthyes<\/a><\/strong>&nbsp;| Orden&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/carcharhiniformes-de-chile\/\">Carcharhiniformes<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Investigador(es) a cargo:&nbsp;<\/strong>Tom\u00e1s Rom\u00e1n de la Fuente (<strong>temporal<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Citar como:\u00a0<\/strong>Rom\u00e1n-de la Fuente, T.\u00a0<em>Sphyrnidae de Chile<\/em>. ChileFauna. Recuperado el [inserte fecha de consulta] de [URL]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00bfEres especialista en este grupo y deseas ser el investigador a cargo? Escribe a tomasromandlf@gmail.com. \u00a1Gracias!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong>Sphyrnidae<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Bonaparte, 1840<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los <strong>Sphyrnidae<\/strong> son una familia de tiburones pertenecientes al orden de los Carcharhiniformes, mundialmente c\u00e9lebres y f\u00e1cilmente reconocibles por la ins\u00f3lita forma de su cabeza, la cual est\u00e1 aplanada y expandida lateralmente en una estructura en forma de \u00abT\u00bb o mazo denominada <strong>cefalofoil<\/strong> (o \u00abmartillo\u00bb). Esta singular morfolog\u00eda no es solo est\u00e9tica, sino que les confiere extraordinarias ventajas biol\u00f3gicas. Al tener los ojos y los orificios nasales situados en los extremos opuestos del martillo, disfrutan de una visi\u00f3n binocular de casi 360 grados y de un olfato sumamente estereosc\u00f3pico. Adem\u00e1s, la amplia superficie de su cabeza alberga una inmensa cantidad de ampollas de Lorenzini (poros electrosensoriales), lo que convierte a su cefalofoil en un aut\u00e9ntico \u00abdetector de metales\u00bb biol\u00f3gico capaz de rastrear los campos el\u00e9ctricos de presas ocultas o enterradas en la arena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Esta familia engloba a unas diez especies distribuidas principalmente en los g\u00e9neros <em>Sphyrna<\/em> y <em>Eusphyra<\/em>, abarcando desde el gigantesco tibur\u00f3n martillo gigante (<em>Sphyrna mokarran<\/em>), que puede alcanzar los 6 metros de longitud, hasta especies mucho m\u00e1s compactas como el tibur\u00f3n cabeza de pala (<em>Sphyrna tiburo<\/em>). Habitan fundamentalmente en aguas costeras c\u00e1lidas, tropicales y templadas de todo el mundo. A diferencia de otros grandes tiburones de h\u00e1bitos estrictamente solitarios, algunas especies de Sphyrnidae muestran un fascinante comportamiento social, llegando a congregarse durante el d\u00eda en enormes bancos o escuelas de cientos de individuos alrededor de islas oce\u00e1nicas y monta\u00f1as marinas, para luego dispersarse por la noche y transformarse en eficaces cazadores solitarios de peces, cefal\u00f3podos y rayas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sphyrnidae\u00a0de Chile<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En aguas chilenas han sido registradas dos especies de tiburones martillo. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>N\u00famero de taxones en Chile:<\/strong>\u00a02 (especies v\u00e1lidas)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Sphyrna lewini <\/em>Griffith &amp; Smith, 1834<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Sphyrna zygaena <\/em>(Linnaeus, 1758)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Referencias<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>H\u00fcne, M. (2019).&nbsp;<\/strong>Lista sistem\u00e1tica actualizada de los peces de Chile. Gbif.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/gbif-chile.mma.gob.cl\/ipt\/resource?r=peces#anchor-versions\">https:\/\/gbif-chile.mma.gob.cl\/ipt\/resource?r=peces#anchor-versions<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Phylum&nbsp;Chordata&nbsp;| Clase&nbsp;Chondrichthyes&nbsp;| Orden&nbsp;Carcharhiniformes Investigador(es) a cargo:&nbsp;Tom\u00e1s Rom\u00e1n de la Fuente (temporal) Citar como:\u00a0Rom\u00e1n-de la Fuente, T.\u00a0Sphyrnidae de Chile. ChileFauna. Recuperado el [inserte fecha de consulta] de [URL] \u00bfEres especialista en este grupo y deseas ser el investigador a cargo? Escribe a tomasromandlf@gmail.com. \u00a1Gracias! \u2014 Sphyrnidae\u00a0Bonaparte, 1840 Los Sphyrnidae son una familia de tiburones pertenecientes al &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/sphyrnidae-de-chile\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Sphyrnidae de Chile<\/span> Leer m\u00e1s \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Sphyrnidae de Chile - ChileFauna<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chilefauna.cl\/index.php\/sphyrnidae-de-chile\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sphyrnidae de Chile - ChileFauna\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Phylum&nbsp;Chordata&nbsp;| Clase&nbsp;Chondrichthyes&nbsp;| Orden&nbsp;Carcharhiniformes Investigador(es) a cargo:&nbsp;Tom\u00e1s Rom\u00e1n de la Fuente (temporal) Citar como:\u00a0Rom\u00e1n-de la Fuente, T.\u00a0Sphyrnidae de Chile. ChileFauna. Recuperado el [inserte fecha de consulta] de [URL] \u00bfEres especialista en este grupo y deseas ser el investigador a cargo? 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